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Fill valves in the back of toilets are classified as liquid level-actuated valves. Simply put, when the water rises to a predetermined level, a mechanism shuts down the valve filling the tank. The method of actuating this valve is quite simple compared to other valve actuation, that are used for the automation of industrial valves and found in many kinds of technical processes from wastewater treatment, hospitals to refineries. Valve automation varies in design and size, with valve gauge ranging from centimeters to meters.

Actuators are often connected to the stem of a valve. In response to a signal, valve actuators switch a valve to a desired placement using an outside power source. Manual valve actuators generally do not need outside power sources except when they are large and require a lot of torque. They utilize a handwheel to move gears which generate enough torque to close the valve all the way. Electric actuators use single-phase or three-phase AC or DC current to create the desired torque. Pneumatic actuators convert air pressure into rotary or linear motion, while hydraulic actuators do the same only with the fluid pressure of oil or water. These actuators need to have pressurized lines to provide the actuators: an inlet line and an outlet line. Pilot valves in the actuator lines have charge of the air or liquid supply going to the actuators. All of these parts are readily ready for use through pipe, valve, and fitting (PVF) distributors who are experts in the use of these valves and actuators in various companies, situations, and environments.

Rotary motion valves such as ball, plug, and butterfly valves rotate from open to close, generally a quarter-turn or more, but can also include multiple turns (360